Muhammed Ali Es-Sâbûnî ve tefsir metodu

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Muhammed Ali es Sabuni 1930 yilinda Suriye‟nin Halep Sehrinde dunyaya geldi. Babasi da Halep Sehrinin alimlerinden olan saygin bir ailenin cocugudur. Orta ogrenimini Halep‟te, universiteyi El Ezher de tamamlamiStir.Daha sonar Mekke deki Ummu‟l Kura Universitesi‟nde ceyrek asir hocalik yapmiStir. Su anda kiSlari Mekke‟de yazlari Bursa- Yalovada bulunan yazliginda te‟lif iSleriyle meSgul olmaktadir.   Sabuni bir cok alanda otuzu aSkin kiymetli eser vermiStir.Bu eserlerin bir kismi kendi te‟lifi, bir kismi ihtisar, bir kismi da tahkiklerden oluSmaktadir. Ancak tefsir alanindaki caliSmalarinin agirligina bakilirsa, O‟nu bir mufessir diye vasfedebiliriz. Hem de son donem mufessirleri arasinda en cok eser veren mufessirlerimizdendir.   Sabuni‟nin tefsir alaninda en onemli iki eseri olan Saffet‟u-Tefasir ve Ravai-ul Beyan‟i metot olarak inceledik. Sade bir dil,akici bir uslup ve anlaSilir ifadeler kullanmasi en belirgin ozelligidir. Gereksiz ayrintilara girmeden, okuyuculari, mufessirlerin,mezheplerin ve rivayetlerin coklugu icinde bogmadan, dogrudan maksadi veren bir anlatim metodu kullanmiStir. Selefi mufessirlerin en meShurlarinin goruSlerini ozetleyerek eserlerine alan Sabuni, gecmiSte yazilan butun tefsir kitaplarina vakiftir.   Itikadda ESari ve Maturidi‟yi savunmasiyla bilinen Sabuni, amelde Hanefi oldugunu soyler. Ancak eserlerinde mezhepler ustu bir goruntu sergilemiStir. Ayni zamanda saglam bir ehli sunnet vel cemaat alimidir.   Arabistan‟da bir kisim cevreler tarafindan rahatsiz edilen Sabuni, caliStigi universiteden istifa etmek zorunda kalmiStir. Kendisini eleStiren kimselere reddiyeler yazmiS ve onlara gereken cevaplari vererek hakliligini isbatlamiStir.Kanaatimize gore Arabistan‟da ki Vehhabi zihniyeti tarafindan diSlanmiStir.   Hayatini eserlerini ve metodunu tanimaya caliStigimiz kiymetli Hocamiz Prof. Dr. Muhammed Ali es Sabuni halen hayatta olup yeni yeni eserler vermek uzere caliSmalarini devam ettirmektedir.Abstract Muhammed Ali es Sabuni was born in 1930 in Aleppo of Syria. He is a child of a respectful family, his father being one of the scientifics of Aleppo. He completed his secondary school training in Aleppo, university at el Ezher, Later on he became an instructor for a quarter of a centuryat Ummul-Kura University in Mecca-i Mukerreme. At presenthe is bury with composing books in winters in Macca,in summers et his summer house at Yalova- Bursa.   Sabuni gave valuable essays in various fields, exceeding thirty, Souse of these essays consist of his own Compositions, some are abridged and some are of his investigations, However when looked at the abundance of his studies on composition field, we can qualify him as a commentator. He is one of the most important of our commentators and the one who gave t he most essays among the commentators and the one who gave the most essays among the commendtators of the recent term.   We examined the most important two essays of Sabuni in interpretation field, Saffet-ut Tefasir and Ravai-ul Beyan as method. His most indicative characteristics are his plain language, flowing style and using expressions that can be understood. He has used a style of explanation without goring in to unnecessary details, without suffocating the readers in the majority of commentators religious doctrines end rumors,explaining directly the aim, Sabuni, who took the essay of his most famous predecessor commentators by summarising their ideas within his essays, is almost aware of the interpretation books written in the past.   Sabuni, who is known as defending Maturidi and Esari in belief, says that he is Hanefi in practice. However in his essays he exhibits a scenery over the religious doctrines. He is at the same time a scientist of unnis and their society Sabuni, who was disturbed by some of the circles, resigned from the university. He wrote refutations to those who criticised him and proved his rightfulness by giving the necessary answers to them. According to our opinion he has been excluded by Wahhabi mentality in Arabia.    Ourvaluable instructor Prof. Dr. Muhammed Ali es- Sabuni whom we tried to promote his life, essays and method, is still living and continues his studies to give new essays.

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DOI

10.1501/ankara-24670

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1

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